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problem of form equivalence

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  • Equivalence relation — In mathematics, an equivalence relation is a binary relation between two elements of a set which groups them together as being equivalent in some way. Let a , b , and c be arbitrary elements of some set X . Then a b or a ≡ b denotes that a is… …   Wikipedia

  • Formal equivalence checking — process is a part of electronic design automation (EDA), commonly used during the development of digital integrated circuits, to formally prove that two representations of a circuit design exhibit exactly the same behavior. Equivalence checking… …   Wikipedia

  • Decision problem — A decision problem has only two possible outputs, yes or no (or alternately 1 or 0) on any input. In computability theory and computational complexity theory, a decision problem is a question in some formal system with a yes or no answer,… …   Wikipedia

  • Mass–energy equivalence — E=MC2 redirects here. For other uses, see E=MC2 (disambiguation). 4 meter tall sculpture of Einstein s 1905 E = mc2 formula at the 2006 Walk of Ideas, Berlin, Germany In physics, mass–energy equivalence is the concept that the …   Wikipedia

  • Cartan's equivalence method — In mathematics, Cartan s equivalence method is a technique in differential geometry for determining whether two geometrical structures are the same up to a diffeomorphism. For example, if M and N are two Riemannian manifolds with metrics g and h …   Wikipedia

  • Quadratic form — In mathematics, a quadratic form is a homogeneous polynomial of degree two in a number of variables. For example, is a quadratic form in the variables x and y. Quadratic forms occupy a central place in various branches of mathematics, including… …   Wikipedia

  • Boolean satisfiability problem — For the concept in mathematical logic, see Satisfiability. 3SAT redirects here. For the Central European television network, see 3sat. In computer science, satisfiability (often written in all capitals or abbreviated SAT) is the problem of… …   Wikipedia

  • Kepler problem in general relativity — The Kepler problem in general relativity involves solving for the motion of two spherical bodies interacting with one another by gravitation, as described by the theory of general relativity.Typically, and in this article, one body is assumed to… …   Wikipedia

  • Canonical form (Boolean algebra) — In Boolean algebra, any Boolean function can be expressed in a canonical form using the dual concepts of minterms and maxterms. Minterms are called products because they are the logical AND of a set of variables, and maxterms are called sums… …   Wikipedia

  • Halting problem — In computability theory, the halting problem can be stated as follows: Given a description of a computer program, decide whether the program finishes running or continues to run forever. This is equivalent to the problem of deciding, given a… …   Wikipedia

  • Binary quadratic form — In mathematics, a binary quadratic form is a quadratic form in two variables. More concretely, it is a homogeneous polynomial of degree 2 in two variables where a, b, c are the coefficients. Properties of binary quadratic forms depend in an… …   Wikipedia

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